hello-algo/en/codes/rust/chapter_computational_complexity/recursion.rs

77 lines
1.7 KiB
Rust

/*
* File: recursion.rs
* Created Time: 2023-09-02
* Author: night-cruise (2586447362@qq.com)
*/
/* Recursion */
fn recur(n: i32) -> i32 {
// Termination condition
if n == 1 {
return 1;
}
// Recursive: recursive call
let res = recur(n - 1);
// Return: return result
n + res
}
/* Simulate recursion with iteration */
fn for_loop_recur(n: i32) -> i32 {
// Use an explicit stack to simulate the system call stack
let mut stack = Vec::new();
let mut res = 0;
// Recursive: recursive call
for i in (1..=n).rev() {
// Simulate "recursive" by "pushing onto the stack"
stack.push(i);
}
// Return: return result
while !stack.is_empty() {
// Simulate "return" by "popping from the stack"
res += stack.pop().unwrap();
}
// res = 1+2+3+...+n
res
}
/* Tail recursion */
fn tail_recur(n: i32, res: i32) -> i32 {
// Termination condition
if n == 0 {
return res;
}
// Tail recursive call
tail_recur(n - 1, res + n)
}
/* Fibonacci sequence: Recursion */
fn fib(n: i32) -> i32 {
// Termination condition f(1) = 0, f(2) = 1
if n == 1 || n == 2 {
return n - 1;
}
// Recursive call f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)
let res = fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2);
// Return result
res
}
/* Driver Code */
fn main() {
let n = 5;
let mut res;
res = recur(n);
println!("\nRecursive function sum result res = {res}");
res = for_loop_recur(n);
println!("\nSimulate recursion with iteration sum result res = {res}");
res = tail_recur(n, 0);
println!("\nTail recursive function sum result res = {res}");
res = fib(n);
println!("\nThe \(n)th term of the Fibonacci sequence is {res}");
}