hello-algo/en/codes/c/chapter_searching/binary_search_edge.c

67 lines
2.2 KiB
C

/**
* File: binary_search_edge.c
* Created Time: 2023-09-09
* Author: Gonglja (glj0@outlook.com)
*/
#include "../utils/common.h"
/* Binary search for insertion point (with duplicate elements) */
int binarySearchInsertion(int *nums, int numSize, int target) {
int i = 0, j = numSize - 1; // Initialize double closed interval [0, n-1]
while (i <= j) {
int m = i + (j - i) / 2; // Calculate midpoint index m
if (nums[m] < target) {
i = m + 1; // Target is in interval [m+1, j]
} else {
j = m - 1; // First element less than target is in interval [i, m-1]
}
}
// Return insertion point i
return i;
}
/* Binary search for the leftmost target */
int binarySearchLeftEdge(int *nums, int numSize, int target) {
// Equivalent to finding the insertion point of target
int i = binarySearchInsertion(nums, numSize, target);
// Did not find target, thus return -1
if (i == numSize || nums[i] != target) {
return -1;
}
// Found target, return index i
return i;
}
/* Binary search for the rightmost target */
int binarySearchRightEdge(int *nums, int numSize, int target) {
// Convert to finding the leftmost target + 1
int i = binarySearchInsertion(nums, numSize, target + 1);
// j points to the rightmost target, i points to the first element greater than target
int j = i - 1;
// Did not find target, thus return -1
if (j == -1 || nums[j] != target) {
return -1;
}
// Found target, return index j
return j;
}
/* Driver Code */
int main() {
// Array with duplicate elements
int nums[] = {1, 3, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 10, 12, 15};
printf("\nArray nums =");
printArray(nums, sizeof(nums) / sizeof(nums[0]));
// Binary search for left and right boundaries
int targets[] = {6, 7};
for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(targets) / sizeof(targets[0]); i++) {
int index = binarySearchLeftEdge(nums, sizeof(nums) / sizeof(nums[0]), targets[i]);
printf("Index of the leftmost element %d = %d\n", targets[i], index);
index = binarySearchRightEdge(nums, sizeof(nums) / sizeof(nums[0]), targets[i]);
printf("Index of the rightmost element %d = %d\n", targets[i], index);
}
return 0;
}