hello-algo/en/codes/c/chapter_backtracking/subset_sum_i.c

79 lines
2.2 KiB
C

/**
* File: subset_sum_i.c
* Created Time: 2023-07-29
* Author: Gonglja (glj0@outlook.com)
*/
#include "../utils/common.h"
#define MAX_SIZE 100
#define MAX_RES_SIZE 100
// State (subset)
int state[MAX_SIZE];
int stateSize = 0;
// Result list (subset list)
int res[MAX_RES_SIZE][MAX_SIZE];
int resColSizes[MAX_RES_SIZE];
int resSize = 0;
/* Backtracking algorithm: Subset Sum I */
void backtrack(int target, int *choices, int choicesSize, int start) {
// When the subset sum equals target, record the solution
if (target == 0) {
for (int i = 0; i < stateSize; ++i) {
res[resSize][i] = state[i];
}
resColSizes[resSize++] = stateSize;
return;
}
// Traverse all choices
// Pruning two: start traversing from start to avoid generating duplicate subsets
for (int i = start; i < choicesSize; i++) {
// Pruning one: if the subset sum exceeds target, end the loop immediately
// This is because the array is sorted, and later elements are larger, so the subset sum will definitely exceed target
if (target - choices[i] < 0) {
break;
}
// Attempt: make a choice, update target, start
state[stateSize] = choices[i];
stateSize++;
// Proceed to the next round of selection
backtrack(target - choices[i], choices, choicesSize, i);
// Retract: undo the choice, restore to the previous state
stateSize--;
}
}
/* Comparison function */
int cmp(const void *a, const void *b) {
return (*(int *)a - *(int *)b);
}
/* Solve Subset Sum I */
void subsetSumI(int *nums, int numsSize, int target) {
qsort(nums, numsSize, sizeof(int), cmp); // Sort nums
int start = 0; // Start point for traversal
backtrack(target, nums, numsSize, start);
}
/* Driver Code */
int main() {
int nums[] = {3, 4, 5};
int numsSize = sizeof(nums) / sizeof(nums[0]);
int target = 9;
subsetSumI(nums, numsSize, target);
printf("Input array nums =");
printArray(nums, numsSize);
printf("target = %d\n", target);
printf("All subsets equal to %d res = \n", target);
for (int i = 0; i < resSize; ++i) {
printArray(res[i], resColSizes[i]);
}
return 0;
}