hello-algo/en/codes/dart/chapter_greedy/coin_change_greedy.dart

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1.5 KiB
Dart

/**
* File: coin_change_greedy.dart
* Created Time: 2023-08-11
* Author: liuyuxin (gvenusleo@gmail.com)
*/
/* Coin change: Greedy */
int coinChangeGreedy(List<int> coins, int amt) {
// Assume coins list is ordered
int i = coins.length - 1;
int count = 0;
// Loop for greedy selection until no remaining amount
while (amt > 0) {
// Find the smallest coin close to and less than the remaining amount
while (i > 0 && coins[i] > amt) {
i--;
}
// Choose coins[i]
amt -= coins[i];
count++;
}
// If no feasible solution is found, return -1
return amt == 0 ? count : -1;
}
/* Driver Code */
void main() {
// Greedy: can ensure finding a global optimal solution
List<int> coins = [1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100];
int amt = 186;
int res = coinChangeGreedy(coins, amt);
print("\ncoins = $coins, amt = $amt");
print("Minimum number of coins required to make up $amt = $res");
// Greedy: cannot ensure finding a global optimal solution
coins = [1, 20, 50];
amt = 60;
res = coinChangeGreedy(coins, amt);
print("\ncoins = $coins, amt = $amt");
print("Minimum number of coins required to make up $amt = $res");
print("In reality, the minimum number needed is 3, i.e., 20 + 20 + 20");
// Greedy: cannot ensure finding a global optimal solution
coins = [1, 49, 50];
amt = 98;
res = coinChangeGreedy(coins, amt);
print("\ncoins = $coins, amt = $amt");
print("Minimum number of coins required to make up $amt = $res");
print("In reality, the minimum number needed is 2, i.e., 49 + 49");
}