hello-algo/en/codes/csharp/chapter_tree/array_binary_tree.cs

129 lines
3.9 KiB
C#

/**
* File: array_binary_tree.cs
* Created Time: 2023-07-20
* Author: hpstory (hpstory1024@163.com)
*/
namespace hello_algo.chapter_tree;
/* Array-based binary tree class */
public class ArrayBinaryTree(List<int?> arr) {
List<int?> tree = new(arr);
/* List capacity */
public int Size() {
return tree.Count;
}
/* Get the value of the node at index i */
public int? Val(int i) {
// If the index is out of bounds, return null, representing an empty spot
if (i < 0 || i >= Size())
return null;
return tree[i];
}
/* Get the index of the left child of the node at index i */
public int Left(int i) {
return 2 * i + 1;
}
/* Get the index of the right child of the node at index i */
public int Right(int i) {
return 2 * i + 2;
}
/* Get the index of the parent of the node at index i */
public int Parent(int i) {
return (i - 1) / 2;
}
/* Level-order traversal */
public List<int> LevelOrder() {
List<int> res = [];
// Traverse array
for (int i = 0; i < Size(); i++) {
if (Val(i).HasValue)
res.Add(Val(i)!.Value);
}
return res;
}
/* Depth-first traversal */
void DFS(int i, string order, List<int> res) {
// If it is an empty spot, return
if (!Val(i).HasValue)
return;
// Pre-order traversal
if (order == "pre")
res.Add(Val(i)!.Value);
DFS(Left(i), order, res);
// In-order traversal
if (order == "in")
res.Add(Val(i)!.Value);
DFS(Right(i), order, res);
// Post-order traversal
if (order == "post")
res.Add(Val(i)!.Value);
}
/* Pre-order traversal */
public List<int> PreOrder() {
List<int> res = [];
DFS(0, "pre", res);
return res;
}
/* In-order traversal */
public List<int> InOrder() {
List<int> res = [];
DFS(0, "in", res);
return res;
}
/* Post-order traversal */
public List<int> PostOrder() {
List<int> res = [];
DFS(0, "post", res);
return res;
}
}
public class array_binary_tree {
[Test]
public void Test() {
// Initialize binary tree
// Use a specific function to convert an array into a binary tree
List<int?> arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, null, 6, 7, 8, 9, null, null, 12, null, null, 15];
TreeNode? root = TreeNode.ListToTree(arr);
Console.WriteLine("\nInitialize binary tree\n");
Console.WriteLine("Binary tree's array representation:");
Console.WriteLine(arr.PrintList());
Console.WriteLine("Binary tree's linked list representation:");
PrintUtil.PrintTree(root);
// Array-based binary tree class
ArrayBinaryTree abt = new(arr);
// Access node
int i = 1;
int l = abt.Left(i);
int r = abt.Right(i);
int p = abt.Parent(i);
Console.WriteLine("\nThe current node's index is " + i + ", value =" + abt.Val(i));
Console.WriteLine("The index of its left child node is " + l + ", value is " + (abt.Val(l).HasValue ? abt.Val(l) : "null")"));
Console.WriteLine("The index of its right child node is " + r + ", value is " + (abt.Val(r).HasValue ? abt.Val(r) : "null")"));
Console.WriteLine("The index of its parent node is " + p + ", value is " + (abt.Val(p).HasValue ? abt.Val(p) : "null")"));
// Traverse tree
List<int> res = abt.LevelOrder();
Console.WriteLine("\nLevel-order traversal is:" + res.PrintList());
res = abt.PreOrder();
Console.WriteLine("Pre-order traversal is:" + res.PrintList());
res = abt.InOrder();
Console.WriteLine("In-order traversal is:" + res.PrintList());
res = abt.PostOrder();
Console.WriteLine("Post-order traversal is:" + res.PrintList());
}
}